Understanding Methanol: The Versatile Chemical
Compound Driving Industrial Growth and Energy Innovation

Methanol's
Chemical Structure and Properties



Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol (CH3OH), is the simplest alcohol
molecule consisting of one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one
hydroxyl group. At room temperature, it exists as a colorless, volatile liquid
with a distinctive alcoholic odor. Its low molecular weight and simple
structure make it highly soluble in water and many organic solvents. The
compound has a boiling point of 64.7°C and a melting point of -97.6°C, making
it suitable for various industrial applications. Its high octane rating and
oxygen content contribute to its potential as a clean-burning fuel alternative.



Industrial Production Methods



The primary method of Methanol
production involves the catalytic conversion of synthesis gas (syngas), a
mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This process, known as methanol
synthesis, typically operates at temperatures between 200-300°C and pressures
of 50-100 atmospheres, using copper-based catalysts. The syngas feedstock can
be derived from various sources, including natural gas, coal, or biomass
through gasification processes. Modern production facilities employ advanced
technologies to optimize yield and energy efficiency, with some plants capable
of producing thousands of metric tons daily.

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